Difference between revisions of "Installing/Preparing"
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| + | __NOTOC__ | ||
| + | To install any new operating system onto your ChromeOS device, you must first enable Developer Mode. '''Many''' models also require updating firmware, depending on the install type. | ||
| + | |||
| + | To determine what preparation steps your device requires, you will need to know your device's Hardware ID. This is available from inside ChromeOS by navigating to <code>chrome://system</code>, where it's called <code>hardware_class</code>. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Next, check our [[Hardware Compatibility]] page to determine your device's CPU family. For example, the Acer C720's Hardware ID is <code>PEPPY</code>, and the CPU Family is <code>Haswell</code>. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Armed with this information, we can begin: | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Step 1: Enable Developer Mode == | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''WARNING''': Enabling Developer Mode will erase all user data in ChromeOS. If you have locally-stored data, back it up first. Cloud data will not be lost. | ||
| + | |||
| + | # With device shut down, press Esc+F3(refresh)+Power to boot into Recovery Mode | ||
| + | # You will see the Recovery Mode boot screen, informing you that "ChromeOS is damaged or missing" (although it is not) | ||
| + | # Press [Ctrl+D] to enable Developer Mode, then follow confirmation steps (usually just pressing enter) | ||
| + | # Your machine will reboot to a white screen which says "OS verification is OFF". This is Developer Mode. | ||
| + | # Enable Legacy Mode booting (you can skip this step if updating firmware, since it will be done automatically for you) | ||
| + | ## Press [Ctrl+D] to boot ChromeOS in '''D'''eveloper Mode | ||
| + | ## Configure WiFi if necessary, and log in to Chrome (Guest account is fine) | ||
| + | ## Press [Ctrl+Alt+T] to get a ChromeOS terminal ("crosh") window | ||
| + | ## At the prompt, enter <code>shell</code> | ||
| + | ## At the <code>chronos@localhost / $</code> prompt, run the following: | ||
| + | ##* <code>sudo crossystem dev_boot_legacy=1</code> | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Step 2: Flash Firmware (if required or desired) == | ||
| + | |||
| + | Here's where you'll need to know your Hardware ID and CPU Family. | ||
| + | |||
| + | * '''Sandy Bridge''' models '''require''' custom firmware (exception: LINK) | ||
| + | * '''Bay Trail''' and '''Braswell''' models '''require''' custom firmware | ||
| + | * '''Haswell''', '''Broadwell''', and '''Skylake''' models can ''benefit'' from custom firmware; some models require it depending on install type. See: [[Hardware_Compatibility]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | Custom firmware (for many models) is available in multiple types and from multiple sources. See [[Firmware]] for more discussion. | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Step 2a: Disable write-protection (if required) === | ||
| + | |||
| + | Some types of firmware update (<code>BOOT_STUB</code> and <code>Full ROM</code>) require disabling firmware write-protection on your device. Be sure to read the [[Firmware]] page first! Write protection (WP) on ChromeOS devices is usually controlled by a screw on the motherboard, but some models also have conductive stickers, and a few older models have a jumper. The location and appearance of the WP screw/sticker/jumper vary between models, but in all cases you will need to open your device. | ||
| + | |||
| + | A web search for "<model or hardware id> chromebook disable write-protect" will often return detailed instructions, with photos, for your model. If not, feel free to ask for help in [https://reddit.com/r/GalliumOS /r/GalliumOS] or [https://galliumos.org/irc #galliumos]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Step 2b: Install/Update Firmware === | ||
| + | |||
| + | You can install/update your firmware from the ChromeOS terminal, or from a running Linux system. These instructions describe the process from the ChromeOS terminal. | ||
| + | |||
| + | # Boot into ChromeOS by pressing [Ctrl+D] at the "OS verification is OFF" Developer Mode boot screen | ||
| + | # Configure WiFi if necessary, and log in to Chrome (Guest account is fine) | ||
| + | # Press [Ctrl+Alt+T] to get a ChromeOS terminal ("crosh") window | ||
| + | # At the prompt, enter <code>shell</code> | ||
| + | # Decide which firmware you want to install. See [[Firmware]]. | ||
| + | # At the <code>chronos@localhost / $</code> prompt, run MrChromebox's Firmware Utility Script [https://mrchromebox.tech/#fwscript (developer's site)] | ||
| + | #*<code>cd; curl -LO https://mrchromebox.tech/firmware-util.sh && sudo bash firmware-util.sh</code> | ||
| + | # Then follow the on-screen instructions to install your chosen firmware type | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Step 3. Install GalliumOS == | ||
| + | |||
| + | You are now ready to [[Installing|install GalliumOS]] from ISO or via chrx. | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Other options from the Developer Mode screen == | ||
| + | |||
| + | The Developer Mode boot screen offers a few additional options. The most important one is Ctrl+L for Legacy Mode booting, which you will use to boot GalliumOS after installing (depending on your firmware choice). Here is the full list: | ||
| + | |||
| + | * [Ctrl+D] to boot ChromeOS in '''D'''eveloper Mode, or | ||
| + | * [Ctrl+L] to boot '''L'''egacy Mode (usually used for Linux, after installing) | ||
| + | * [Ctrl+U] to boot a ChromeOS (or ChromiumOS) image from USB (you'll never need to use this) | ||
| + | * [TAB] for some boot configuration information | ||
| + | |||
| + | <!-- OLDSTUFF | ||
| + | |||
If you have already used Linux on your Chromebook in the past (Crouton does NOT count), you probably don't need to do this. This article will cover the very minimal requirements for making it work on each generation of Chromebook. This means we won't flash any firmware if we don't need to. If you want instructions for flashing firmware, see [[Firmware]]. Please note that this process can be very dangerous, so please carefully read everything and do not skip any steps. We are not responsible if you brick your Chromebook, even though we think it sucks that you did. Despite the fact that the Chromebook Pixel and 2015 Chromebook Pixel are Sandy Bridge and Broadwell respectively, you should use the Haswell process for both of them. We know this doesn't make any sense, but just trust us. | If you have already used Linux on your Chromebook in the past (Crouton does NOT count), you probably don't need to do this. This article will cover the very minimal requirements for making it work on each generation of Chromebook. This means we won't flash any firmware if we don't need to. If you want instructions for flashing firmware, see [[Firmware]]. Please note that this process can be very dangerous, so please carefully read everything and do not skip any steps. We are not responsible if you brick your Chromebook, even though we think it sucks that you did. Despite the fact that the Chromebook Pixel and 2015 Chromebook Pixel are Sandy Bridge and Broadwell respectively, you should use the Haswell process for both of them. We know this doesn't make any sense, but just trust us. | ||
| Line 26: | Line 95: | ||
== Haswell == | == Haswell == | ||
| − | Haswell Chromebooks are mostly incredibly easy to work with. | + | Haswell Chromebooks/boxes are mostly incredibly easy to work with. For many models, no additional firmware needed. You just need to enable developer mode, enable a the legacy boot flag, and you're good to go! |
First, you need to put the device in developer mode. You'll know if you're in developer mode because you will see the "scary white screen" before you are able to boot the computer. If you are not in developer mode, you can get there by shutting down your computer, holding Esc and Refresh (F3), then powering on the computer. You will see a screen that says "Chrome OS is missing or damaged.". Don't panic! This is normal. You need to press Ctrl-D. Your computer will reboot a few times and you will see a few prompts. Please note that this will wipe your data (similar to a powerwash) so make sure you have backed everything up first. Now that you're in developer mode, proceed to the next step. | First, you need to put the device in developer mode. You'll know if you're in developer mode because you will see the "scary white screen" before you are able to boot the computer. If you are not in developer mode, you can get there by shutting down your computer, holding Esc and Refresh (F3), then powering on the computer. You will see a screen that says "Chrome OS is missing or damaged.". Don't panic! This is normal. You need to press Ctrl-D. Your computer will reboot a few times and you will see a few prompts. Please note that this will wipe your data (similar to a powerwash) so make sure you have backed everything up first. Now that you're in developer mode, proceed to the next step. | ||
| − | + | Now you need to enable the legacy boot flag. Log into your Chromebook and press Ctrl+Alt+T to open a crosh session. Open bash by simply typing | |
<code>shell</code> | <code>shell</code> | ||
| Line 38: | Line 107: | ||
<code>chronos@localhost / $</code> | <code>chronos@localhost / $</code> | ||
| − | + | Then set the legacy boot flag (you can skip this step if using chrx to dual-boot GalliumOS with ChromeOS): | |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | + | <code>sudo crossystem dev_boot_legacy=1</code> | |
| + | If everything went smoothly, you should be ready to go. Just reboot your computer, pop in your GalliumOS USB, press Ctrl+L at the scary white screen, and install away! If you want to remove the scary white screen and/or boot to GalliumOS by default, see flashing [[Firmware]]. | ||
== Broadwell == | == Broadwell == | ||
| Line 99: | Line 167: | ||
Fully-functional firmware options are not available yet, so running GalliumOS on Braswell is not yet possible / unsupported. | Fully-functional firmware options are not available yet, so running GalliumOS on Braswell is not yet possible / unsupported. | ||
| + | |||
| + | EO_OLDSTUFF | ||
| + | --> | ||
Latest revision as of 14:02, 4 February 2020
To install any new operating system onto your ChromeOS device, you must first enable Developer Mode. Many models also require updating firmware, depending on the install type.
To determine what preparation steps your device requires, you will need to know your device's Hardware ID. This is available from inside ChromeOS by navigating to chrome://system, where it's called hardware_class.
Next, check our Hardware Compatibility page to determine your device's CPU family. For example, the Acer C720's Hardware ID is PEPPY, and the CPU Family is Haswell.
Armed with this information, we can begin:
Step 1: Enable Developer Mode
WARNING: Enabling Developer Mode will erase all user data in ChromeOS. If you have locally-stored data, back it up first. Cloud data will not be lost.
- With device shut down, press Esc+F3(refresh)+Power to boot into Recovery Mode
- You will see the Recovery Mode boot screen, informing you that "ChromeOS is damaged or missing" (although it is not)
- Press [Ctrl+D] to enable Developer Mode, then follow confirmation steps (usually just pressing enter)
- Your machine will reboot to a white screen which says "OS verification is OFF". This is Developer Mode.
- Enable Legacy Mode booting (you can skip this step if updating firmware, since it will be done automatically for you)
- Press [Ctrl+D] to boot ChromeOS in Developer Mode
- Configure WiFi if necessary, and log in to Chrome (Guest account is fine)
- Press [Ctrl+Alt+T] to get a ChromeOS terminal ("crosh") window
- At the prompt, enter
shell - At the
chronos@localhost / $prompt, run the following:-
sudo crossystem dev_boot_legacy=1
-
Step 2: Flash Firmware (if required or desired)
Here's where you'll need to know your Hardware ID and CPU Family.
- Sandy Bridge models require custom firmware (exception: LINK)
- Bay Trail and Braswell models require custom firmware
- Haswell, Broadwell, and Skylake models can benefit from custom firmware; some models require it depending on install type. See: Hardware_Compatibility
Custom firmware (for many models) is available in multiple types and from multiple sources. See Firmware for more discussion.
Step 2a: Disable write-protection (if required)
Some types of firmware update (BOOT_STUB and Full ROM) require disabling firmware write-protection on your device. Be sure to read the Firmware page first! Write protection (WP) on ChromeOS devices is usually controlled by a screw on the motherboard, but some models also have conductive stickers, and a few older models have a jumper. The location and appearance of the WP screw/sticker/jumper vary between models, but in all cases you will need to open your device.
A web search for "<model or hardware id> chromebook disable write-protect" will often return detailed instructions, with photos, for your model. If not, feel free to ask for help in /r/GalliumOS or #galliumos.
Step 2b: Install/Update Firmware
You can install/update your firmware from the ChromeOS terminal, or from a running Linux system. These instructions describe the process from the ChromeOS terminal.
- Boot into ChromeOS by pressing [Ctrl+D] at the "OS verification is OFF" Developer Mode boot screen
- Configure WiFi if necessary, and log in to Chrome (Guest account is fine)
- Press [Ctrl+Alt+T] to get a ChromeOS terminal ("crosh") window
- At the prompt, enter
shell - Decide which firmware you want to install. See Firmware.
- At the
chronos@localhost / $prompt, run MrChromebox's Firmware Utility Script (developer's site)cd; curl -LO https://mrchromebox.tech/firmware-util.sh && sudo bash firmware-util.sh
- Then follow the on-screen instructions to install your chosen firmware type
Step 3. Install GalliumOS
You are now ready to install GalliumOS from ISO or via chrx.
Other options from the Developer Mode screen
The Developer Mode boot screen offers a few additional options. The most important one is Ctrl+L for Legacy Mode booting, which you will use to boot GalliumOS after installing (depending on your firmware choice). Here is the full list:
- [Ctrl+D] to boot ChromeOS in Developer Mode, or
- [Ctrl+L] to boot Legacy Mode (usually used for Linux, after installing)
- [Ctrl+U] to boot a ChromeOS (or ChromiumOS) image from USB (you'll never need to use this)
- [TAB] for some boot configuration information
